期中考知识梳理（必备-----必背）

UNIT1 亲爱的：若为高分故，此卷不可抛！请保留好，期末考试复习时还要用到！一：单词a

1. characteristic .n 特征，特性__________________n 性格，人物，汉字

2. scientific .adj _______________.n科学______________n科学家

3. challenge .v&n ________________adj.有挑战性的

4. severe .adj ________________ .adv严重地

5. pollute .v ______________.n污染_______________.adj被污染的

6. announce .v ______________ .n播音员___________________ .n宣告

7. certainty .n _____________.adj确信的(反义词________________) ______________.adv肯定地

8. instruct .v ______________.n指示___________ . 9. responsible .adj __________________.n 责任，职责10.construct .v _____________.n建设，建筑物11. contribute .v _________________.n贡献

12. privately .adv_____________.adj私密的13. enthusiastic .adj __________________.n热情

二：短语句型

提出put forward

得出结论draw a conclusion

专心做某事be absorbed in doing sth

责备，负责be to blame

把某事归咎到某人blame sth on sb=blame sb for sth 据宣告it is announced that

联系，连接link to/ be linked to

贡献contribute to= make a contribution to 对谨慎be cautious about

对热情be enthusiastic about 除开apart from

理解，有意义make sense of 没有道理make no sense

拒绝做某事refuse to do sth 反对做某事reject doing sth

1. suggest 后接从句表示“建议某人做某事”，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省略，单用动词

原形。suggest表“意味着；暗示，表明”时，后面的从句用陈述句语气。

类似的可以用虚拟的词是：“建议，命令，请求，要求”insist, suggest, order, require, request, command等。

2. so +adj + a/an + n +that= such +a/an + adj +n +that

3. every/each time + 时间状语从句，类似的还有the instant, the moment, the minute, the first time, immediately, instantly, directly.

4. only +状语（adv/介词短语/状语从句）放在句首，引起部分倒装（be/情态动词/助动词+ 主语+ 谓语+……）Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.

if only“但愿……, 要是……就好了”；引导从句时，谓语动词用虚拟。与现在的事实相反，从句用一般过去时

（be一律用were）; 与过去的事实相反，从句用过去完成时had done;与将来的事实相反，从句用would/ could +do。三：练习

1. He thought it meaningful to help people ______________(expose) to deadly diseases.

2. ______________(absorb) in the computer games, she didn’t heard her mother calling her.

3. Her pale look suggested that she_______________(be) sick.

4. The teacher suggested that all the waste_______________(sweep) up in an instant.

5. Tim was so diligent ___________ student that all the teachers liked him.

6. Yuan Long ping has made a great contribution to _______________(rid) the world of hunger.

7. Misunderstood by his neighbors, he is still______________________(enthusiasm) about the work.

8. Only if you put the word “that” there____________ the sentence make sense.

9. If only I _____________(have) a camera, I can take some pictures about the beautiful scenery.

10. Footprints linked the suspect_____________ the murder.

11. We all think Tom was ________________(blame) for the broken windows.

13. If only I ______________ (follow) Lily’s advice, I wouldn’t make a serious mistake yesterday.

14. It is announced ____________ Mo Yan has got the Nobel Literature Prize.

15. He made an experiment to show how physical________________(character) are passed from parents to children.

16. 每次我们上英语课，他都昏昏欲睡。__________________________________________________________

17. 一看到警车，这个嫌疑犯就跑开了。__________________________________________________________

UNIT 2

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一：单词

1.unite .v__________ .adj联合的__________ .n协会，联盟

2. consist .v______________.adj一致的

3. accomplish .v _____________ .n成就，完成

4. educational .adj _______________.n教育_________.v.教育_____________ .adj受过教育的

5. convenience .n _________________ .adj方便的

6. rough .adj_____________ .adv

7. attract .v ______________.n _______________.adj 8. collection .n _______________.v收藏

9. enjoyable .adj_____________.v ______________ .n 10. description .n ________________.v描述

11. possibility .n ___________.adj _____________.adv 12. delight .v___________.adj(人) __________.adj(物) 13. arrange .v_______________ .n ______________ .adj 安排好的

二：短语句型

由…组成consist of = be made up of 把…分成divide into近义词separate from 脱离break away from

(机器)损坏break down

值得赞扬，为…带来荣誉to one’s credit 省略leave out

代替take the place of

与相连，结合be linked/joined to 为了方便for convenience

在你方便的时候at one’s convenience

= it is convenient to sb(不用sb作主语)

很遗憾It’s a pity that

(就某事)和某人吵架quarrel with sb about/over sth 安排某人做某事arrange for sb to do sth

令某人高兴的是to one’s delight

因…而激动，害怕be thrilled at/with

1. 形容词作状语，说明主语的状态

2. 状语从句的省略：1）主从句主语一致，从句谓语部分含有be，就省略从句的（主语+be）；2）从句主语是it，从句谓语部分含有be，就省略从句的（it+be）

3. find + n/pron + adj/adv/介词短语/ doing/ done. “发现……处于……状态”

4. 值得做某事be worth doing= be worthy of being done= be worthy to be done= it is worthwhile to do sth=

it is worthwhile doing sth

三：练习

1. The girl felt very safe _____________ her mother standing behind her.

2. Why he wore man-made hair was ___________ made us curious.

3. The woman stood in her yard, ________________(quarrel)rudely with her neighbor.

4. He found a stranger ______________(walk) along the seaside, depressed.

5. Your action must be consistent______________ what you promised.

6. At present, it is too early to predict the_________________(possibly) of building another man-made forest park.

7. You can tell her whenever _________ is convenient to her, she can join our swimming club.

8. If _____________(possibility), our school will hold a party for those winning the speaking contest.

9. We all think it is not worthwhile ________________(conflict) with him for such a small affair.

10. Nowadays, phones and computers are popular among people,____________________(代替) letters and postcodes.

11. Unless you are invited to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (t同义句)

___________ _______ _______ _______, you should remain silent at the conference.

12. The beggar lay on the street, ____________________________(又冷又饿).

UNIT 3

一：单词

1. impression .n ____________ .v _____________ .adj

2. constant .adj _________________.adv

3. previous .adj _________________ .adv

4. uncertain .adj _____________ .n ______________.adv

5. guide .n&v ____________ .n

6. surroundings .n _____________ .v包围____________.adj四周的

7. press .v ________________ .n压力8. exhausted .adj ______________.adj _______________ .v

9. optimistic .adj ________________ .n 10. instant .adj _________________ .adv

11. motivation .n ______________ .v 12. adjustment .n ________________ .v

二：短语句型

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3 留下深刻的印象leave a deep impression on 使某人铭记 impress sth on sb=impress sb with sth 由…包围be surrounded by/with 因缺少for lack of 敦促，强迫某人做某事press sb to do sth 对…很乐观be optimistic about 对…做出调整make an adjustment to

看见catch sight of

看不见lose sight of

对…很贪婪be greedy for

清除,处理dispose of

sb 受责备，对…负责sb be to blame

因…而责备某人blame sb for sth

1. the instant+ 时间状语从句，”一….就….”类似用法：the moment, the minute, immediately, instantly, directly. “每次”every time, each time “第一次” the first time

2. 全部倒装：当表示时间、地点、方位、方向的副词或者表示地点的介词短语放在句首时，句子完全倒装。副词为then, up, down, in, out, inside, outside, away ，here, there. 谓语动词多为be 和Vi （go, come, run, rush, fly, jump, leave, walk, move, etc.）

3. 在定语从句中，当先行词是case, occasion, condition, situation, point, stage, job, system 等表示抽象地点的名词，且从句成分完整，用where 引导。

4. 过去分词做定语

5. what 引导名词性从句

三：练习

1. The manager pressed us_________________(complete) the assigned task before weekend.

2. Only if we protect the natural________________(surround) can we protect the wildlife.

3. Although defeated, she is still ___________________(optimism) about her future.

4. _____________(catch) sight of her former boyfriend on a crowded square, the girl slid away.

5. The new boss has made __________ adjustment to the sailing plan of this product.

6. The occasion is rare______________ you can get away with cheating in the exam.

7. Our school was built in______________ was a deserted factory.

8. During the National Day, the film, Tai Chi _____________(direct) by Feng Delun is the winner.

9. 她的幽默给我们留下了难忘的印象。__________________________________________________________

10. 我一想到英语作业就头疼。_________________________________________________________________

UNIT4 一：单词 1. involve .v_______________.adj 2. photograph .n__________________.n 摄影师 _________________.n 摄影 3. unforgettable .adj_________________反义词 4. assignment .n_______________.v 任命，安排 5. delighted .adj_____________adj (物)__________.n&v 6. admirable .adj______________.v 7. unusual .adj______________反义词

8. assist .v_____________.n 助手_____________.n 援助

9. profession ,n________________.adj

10. eager .adj_____________.adv

11. concentrate .v___________________.n

12. deliberately .adv ______________.adj

13. guilty .adj _________.n ____________反义词

14. accurate .adj______________.adv

15. senior .adj 反义词______________

16. approve .v_____________.n ____________.v 反义词

17. negative .adj _______________反义词

18. appointment .n ________________.v 二：短语句型

1. 被认为做某事，应该做某事be supposed_to do sth

2. 安排某人做某事assign sb to do sth

3. 影响某人做某事influence sb to do sth

在…影响之下under the influence of sb/sth

对…产生影响have an influence/effect/impact on

4. 对…渴望be eager/anxious/greedy for sth.

渴望做某事 be eager/anxious/greedy to do

5. 把…集中concentrate/fix/focus on (doing) sth

6. 通知某人某事inform sb of sth/ that

7. 依靠某人做某事 depend on sb to do sth

8. 指控某人某事accuse sb of sth./doing sth

charge sb with sth./doing sth 9. 否认做某事deny doing sth 10. 对…有罪be guilty of 11. 要求做某事demand to do sth demand + that 从句：should+V 原形表虚拟语气 满足某人的需求meet/satisfy one ’s demands 12.长于，优胜于senior to 13. 赞成，同意approve of 14. 与某人约会/预约

have/make an appointment with

15.任命sb做某事appoint sb to do sth

16.保护，防卫defend…against…

16. not only…but also引导两个并列分放在句首，not only倒装，but also不倒装。

17. as (虽然)引导的让步状语从句必须用倒装结构，将表语(n,adj);状语(adv);动词原形放在as之前。注意：如果表语是单数可数名词，倒装时省略冠词，动词原形提前时，在本来的位置用情态动词might代替。

三：练习(7---16用倒装句的知识改写)

1. The student teacher is only 6 years senior___________ us.

2.Do you know the phone number of the girl ___________(suppose) to cover a story happened in that tow

3. What the professor said has __________ strong influence on our future.

4. With the extra evidence she couldn’t deny _____________(submit) to the enemy.

5. She demanded that all the colleagues ____________________(inform) of the training opportunity.

6. Lucy________________(appoint) as the new manager of our department last Friday.

7. I submit to your threats in no case no matter how painful I am.

In no case___________________________________ no matter how painful I am.

8. Although he is a kid, he knows how to share his mother’s burden.(用as改写)

_____________________________, he knows how to share his mother’s burden.

9. The problem is so easy that I can work it out.= _________________________ that I can work it out.

10. I had hardly reached the bus stop when the bus started.

=___________________________________________ when the bus started.

11. If Mark had invited me, I would have been glad to come.= __________________, I would have been glad to come.

12. I shall not give her a gift until her birthday. = ___________________________________________________.

13. A little girl stood in the rain. = _____________________________________________.

14. John Janson won the Prime Minister’s praise at the ceremony. ___________________________(Tony也是)

15. I didn’t pass the math test, and Mary didn’t either. = I didn’t pass the math test,___________ ______ _________.

16. _______________________________(我要是一只蝴蝶), I could fly and dance freely in the flowers.

17. 只有全身心投入学习，我们才不会考试不及格。_________________________________________________

UNIT5

一：单词

1. temporary .adj ____________ .adv

2. injury .n______________.v ___________.adj

3. prison n________________. adj

4. variety .n ___________.v ______________.adj

5. infection .n ____________ adj _____________.v

6. tight .adj __________.adv _________.v

7. firm .adj _____________.adv

8. bravery .n________ .adj _______.adv

9. treat .n&v ____________.n

10.apply .v________________. n申请书

11.pressure.n ____________.v

二：短语句型

1.帮助某人做某事aid sb to do sth

2.对……来说是必要的be essential to/for

3.导致某人做某事cause sb to do sth

4.各种各样a variety of

5.电击electric shock

6.粘着，坚持stick to

7.挤出squeeze out

8.在适当的位置，在原位in place

9.做某事很重要it is vital to do sth

10.授予/赠给某人某物present sb with sth

= present sth to sb

11.正在做……突然be doing sth when 12.即将做……突然be about to do sth when

13.刚刚做……突然had done sth when

14.找到put one’s hands on

15.对待，把……看作treat sb as

16.把…涂在…上；把…应用到…上apply sth to sth

17.向sb申请sth apply to sb for sth

18.专心于，致力于apply oneself to sth/doing sth

19.知道，具有……知识a knowledge of

20.有一些/没有什么区别make a/no difference

21.卷入，涉及到get/be involved in

22.毫无疑问there is no doubt that

23.最好做某事it’s best to do sth

三：练习

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1. Do you know the girl dressed in blue skirt? = Do you know the girl _______ _______dressed in blue skirt?

2. Because he was born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling.

=________ ______ _______ ______ ________, he had no more than two years of schooling.

3. Though he was Frightened by the big fire, he stood out bravely.=_____________ by the big fire, he stood out bravely.

4. Unless invited, I won’t attend her wedding. = Unless _______ ________invited, I won’t attend her wedding.

5. When she was questioned by the policeman, she burst into tears.

=________ __________ by the policeman, she burst into tears.

6. When __________ __________(讲英语的时候)，we should pay attention to our pronunciation.

7. Teddy _________________(drink) coffee with his girlfriend when his father stepped in.

8. While taking the test, she sat there still _____________(stare) at the paper, and found her mind empty.

9. If you use your head, you’ll find a god way.= _________ _______ ________, you’ll find a god way.

10. __________(lose) in thought, he ran into a pole on the road.

11. The injury to my finger ______________(cause) by touching a hot kettle.

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