中学英语科试卷

考试时间120分钟

注意事项：1.请在答题卷上

．．．．．．答题

．．。全卷满分100分，完卷时间120分钟。

2.考生必须将准考证号和姓名完整填写在规定的密封栏目内，否则视为废卷。

第一部分教育理论与实践

一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共1分）

1.强调以学习者的兴趣、需要、能力、经验为依据来设计课程，这类学者倾向把课程看

作是（）。

A．知识 B．活动 C．经验 D．学科

2.学生经常利用画表格的方式来对学习内容进行整理归类，这是运用了（）。

A．复述策略 B．精细加工策略

C．模式再认策略 D．组织策略

3.注重培养学生的探究态度和能力的课程，属于（）。

A．实践型课程 B．研究型课程

C．拓展型课程 D．知识型课程

4.孔子是教育平等的首创者，针对这一想法，他的论述为（）。

A．因材施教 B．有教无类

C．性相近，习相远 D．禁于未发

5.古希腊百科全书式的哲学家（），首次提出了“教育遵循自然”的观点，他

倡导的和谐教育成为后来全面发展教育的思想渊源。

A．柏拉图 B．苏格拉底 C．亚里士多德 D．昆体良

6.与新教师相比，专家型教师的课时计划简洁、灵活、以学生为中心并有（）。

A．系统性 B．预见性 C．结构性 D．实效性

7.班级组织建构的首要原则是（）。

A．有利于教育的原则 B．目标一致的原则

C．可接受性原则 D．有利于身心发展的原则

8.进入中学，学生经常思考“我是一个什么样的人”“我的未来应怎样”等问题。按照

埃里克森的心理社会发展理论，此阶段的主要任务是形成（）。

A．信任感 B．自我同一感

C．主动感 D．勤奋感

9.主张以社会的稳定和发展为教育最高宗旨来确定教育目的，就形成了（）。

A．个人本位的教育目的论 B．教育无目的论

C．神学的教育目的论 D．社会本位的教育目的论

10.素质教育是以（）为重点的教育。

A．面向全体学生 B．培养创新精神

C．促进学生全面发展 D．促进学生的个性发展

11.学生良好思想品德的形成发展或不良品德的克服要经过多次的培养或矫正训练，不能

操之过急，这表明德育要遵循（）。

A．学生思想品德形成的长期性和反复性规律

B．学生的知、情、意、行诸因素统一发展的规律

C．学生思想内部矛盾转化的规律

D．学生在活动和交往中形成思想品德的规律

12.辩证逻辑思维已占据优势地位的时期是（）。

A．小学 B．初中 C．高中 D．大学

13.在教学策略里，情境教学是一种（）。

A．以教师为主的教学策略 B．以教材为主的教学策略

C．个别化教学 D．以学生为主的教学策略

14.在教育过程中，教师不能完全照搬他人的模式或方法，而应结合自己的学生、教材及

本人特点来借鉴，并加以运用，也就是说“教学有法，但无定法”，这说明教师劳动

具有（）的特点。

A．复杂性 B．示范性 C．协作性 D．创造性…

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15.教师通过采用多种教学方法和手段吸引学生的学习兴趣。根据布鲁纳的学习理论，教

师这样做是为了激发学生的（）。

A．内部动机 B．自我提高内驱力

C．理解性 D．附属内驱力

16.教育要重视培养受教育者自信和努力的品质，这一要求依据的是个体身心发展的

（）。

A．不均衡性 B．顺序性

C．互补性 D．个别差异性

17.“过于安静，学生紧张拘谨，由于惧怕教师而反应迟钝、呆板、被动回答问题；课堂

纪律较松散，学生心不在焉。”这种课堂气氛是（）。

A．积极型 B．对抗型 C．消极型 D．失控型

18.对于认知和技能领域的学业成就，最常用的教学评价手段是（）。

A．标准化成就测验

B．教师自编测验和问卷测验

C．标准化成就测验和教师自编测验

D．认知测验和能力测验

19.《中华人民共和国教师法》规定的教师考核内容为“政治思想、业务水平、（）、

工作成绩”几个方面。

A．工作态度 B．工作热情

C．工作效率 D．工作质量

20.学习某材料，10次正好记住，那么学习（）效果最好。

A．10次 B．12次 C．15次 D．20次

二、多项选择题（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）

21.青少年早期思维的特征是（）。

A．有建立假设和检验假设的能力 B．概念的掌握以同化为主

C．逻辑推理规则的掌握 D．思维形式与思维内容分离

22.每一个问题都必须包含以下几种成分？（）

A．给定的条件 B．达到的目标

C．存在的限制和障碍 D．解决的方法

E．最终答案

23.学习与教学的要素包括学生、教师、（）。

A．教学内容 B．教学媒体 C．教学环境 D．教学质量

24.根据新知识与原有认知结构的关系，知识的学习可以分为（）。

A．上位学习 B．概念学习

C．下位学习 D．并列结合学习

25.创造性思维具有以下特征（）。

A．独创性 B．活动性

C．敏感性 D．定义性

E．洞察性

第二部分专业基础知识

一、单项选择题（只有一个选项符合要求，每小题1分，共20题，共计20分）

( )1.Dina, ______ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.

A．struggling B．struggled C．having struggled D．to struggle ( )2.I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ______ I met in the English speech contest last year.

A．who B．where C．when D．which

( )3.—Could you tell me ______?

—Sure. In the post office on green street.

A．where you bought the stamps B．where did you buy the stamps

C．when you bought the stamps D．when you bought the stamps

( )4.He moved away from his parents, and missed them ______ to enjoy the exciting life in New York.

A．too much B．very much

C．enough D．so much as

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( )5.Two weeks ______ enough for us to finish this work, we need ______ week.

A．isn’t, a third B．aren’t, the third

C．isn't, the third D．aren’t, a third

( )6.Father ______ goes to the gym with us although he dislikes going there.

A．hardly B．seldom C．sometimes D．never

( )7.More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities ______ space.

A．in search of B．in place of C．for lack of D．for fear of ( )8.Teachers recommend parents ______ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.

A．not allow B．do not allow

C．get down to D．look forward to

( )9.—Guess what, we've got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.

—How nice! You ______ a different culture then.

A．will be experiencing B．have experienced

C．have been experiencing D．will have experienced

( )10.—Learning a language isn't easy. It takes time.

—I agree. ______. There's no shortcut.

A．All roads lead to Rome B．Rome wasn't built in a day

C．Practice makes perfect D．Slow but sure wins the race

( )11.—Would she mind playing against her former teammates?

—______ She is willing to play against any tough players.

A．I think so. B．I'm not surprised.

C．Of course. D．Not likely!

( )12.—Do you regret paying ten dollars for that book?

—No, I would gladly have paid ______.

A．as twice many B．twice as many

C．twice as much D．as twice much

( )13.I'm tired out. I ______ all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.

A．shopped B．have shopped

C．had shopped D．have been shopping

( )14.I f you have a job, ______ yourself to it and finally you'll succeed.

A．do devote B．don't devote

C．devoting D．not devoting

( )15.I was ______ and all of my equipment ______ working well.

A．in good healthy; was

B．in a good health; were

C．in good health; was

D．in good healthy; were

( )16.I t is reported that many a new house ______ at present in the disaster area.

A．are being built B．were being built

C．was being built D．is being built

( )17.______, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.

A．Shy and cautions B．Sensitive and thoughtful

C．Honest and confident D．Light hearted and optimistic

( )18.H e has gone to Beijing, and he would otherwise have come to visit you then. The possible meaning of the sentence is:

A. He has come to visit you.

B. He had decided to come to visit you.

C. He did not come to visit you.

D. He refused to come to visit you.

( )19.T he Chinese Spring Festival has always been a happy time for ______.

A. us Chinese children

B. Chinese children as us

C. we Chinese children

D. we, Chinese children

( )20.H e is that kind of man who is penny wise and ______ foolish.

A. pound

B. currency

C. money

D. dollar

二、完形填空（本题5分）

1.短文填空，2、4、7、10空的单词首字母已给出。

Dear editor,

I am Evan from Canada. Being the eldest child in the family has its disadvantages. First of all, I have to share all my ___1___(玩具) with my younger sisters. Of course, they don't n

___2___ to return the favors because I'm totally uninterested in their things. ___3___(除……之外), they are always hanging around me. I just can't get a moment's p__4____. At meals, I have

to eat whatever is ___5___ the plate regardless of the taste. My sisters only try one bite if it's not

___6___ favorite food. In addition, w___7___ it comes to practicing our musical instruments, I have to practice ___8___ than double the time. Worst of all, I get a larger quantity of homework,

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___9___(对比) to them. I'm feeling rather annoyed. Can you please g___10___ me some advice?

Yours truly,

Evan Smith

三、阅读理解（共3题，每题10，合计30分）

Text A

I remember my math teacher Mr. Young very well. He stood out because the kids made fun of him. He was missing one of his fingers, and always pointed at students with his middle finger.

I was not very good at English and math. No matter how hard I tried, I just could not figure out why I did not understand what all the other kids found so easy to learn.

One day, I was told that if I got one more E on my report card, I would be taken to the" big prison for kids".

I tried really hard for weeks. I just couldn't understand how to make different parts of members into whole things.

The day before report cards were to come out, I knew that Mr. Young would give me an E ,just like he always did.

I went to Mr. Young and told him that the orphanage was going to send me to the big prison if I got another E on my report card. He told me there was nothing he could do;it would be unfair to the other kids if he gave me a better grade than I had actually earned.

I smiled at him and said, "Mr. Young, do you know how the kids make fun of you because you're missing your finger?" He looked at me, moved his mouth to one side and said nothing.

"They shouldn't do that to you because you can't help having a finger, Mr. Young. Just like I can't help not being able to learn numbers and stuff like that. "I said.

The next day, when I got my report card, I tucked it into one of my books. While on the school bus, I opened it : Geography, B+ ; Mechanical Drawing, C- ; English, D- ; History, C- ; Gym, B+ ; Art, C ; Math, D-.

That math grade was the most favorite one I ever received. Because I knew that someone in the world finally understood what it was like for me to be missing a finger inside my head.

( )1.From the second paragraph we can infer that the boy is ______ in some subjects.

A. mind-blowing

B. slow-witted

C. fun-loving

D. badly-behaved

( )2.Where may the boy live according to the passage?

A. In an orphanage.

B. In a big prison.

C. In the school dormitory.

D. In his home. ( )3.What grade should the boy hive got in the math test this time?

A. D-.

B. B+.

C.

D. D.

E.

( )4.The underlined word "tucked" in the passage most probably means“______”.

A. stuck

B. listed

C. hid

D. copied

( )5.The reason why the boy remembers Mr. Young is that______.

A. he missed one of his fingers

B. he treated his students very well

C. he understood the boy

D. he taught his students in a special way

Text B

Brian arrived at San Francisco airport two hours before the flight to Paris. He was wearing three shirts, a jacket, two pairs of socks, a pair of shorts, and two pairs of jeans. He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didn't have any other luggage. Brian needed to meet a man named Tony before he checked in for his flight. He found Tony near the Air France counter. Tony gave him a round trip ticket and a small package.

"Give this package to Jean Paul at the airport in Paris. He will have a sign with your name on it.

I think you can find him easily," Tony said," You don't have any luggage, right?"

"Only this backpack," Brian answered. "You said I could bring one carry on bag. "

"That's right. One carry on bag is fine. Have a good trip. "

"Thanks. "

Is Brian a criminal? Not at all. He is an air courier. And he paid only $110 for the round trip ticket to Paris. Air couriers get cheap airline tickets because they take important packages and papers to foreign countries. Businesses sometimes need to get packages and papers to people in foreign countries by the next day. Often, the only way they can do this is to use an air courier company. It is not cheap for a business to send a package with an air courier, but it is quick.

Every year about 80,000 people worldwide travel as air couriers. The number of tickets for courier travel is growing by about 10 percent a year. However, air courier travel isn't for everyone. But if you have very little money, can be flexible about your travel plans, and don't mind wearing the same clothes for a week, it can be a great way to take a vacation!

( )6.Why was Brian wearing so many clothes for his travel?

A．Because they were the uniforms for air couriers.

B．Because that made him easier to be recognized.

C．Because his backpack had no room for his clothes.

D．Because he did not have any luggage with him.

( )7.An air courier is a person who ______.

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A．manages a business company in foreign countries

B．organizes international flights for tourists

C．travels around the world with cheap tickets

D．delivers papers and packages to foreign countries

( )8.Business choose the air courier service because ______.

A．it costs less B．it is flexible

C．it saves time D．it grows fast

( )9.One of the disadvantages of traveling as an air courier is that he ______.

A．cannot decide when and where to travel

B．cannot take any luggage with him

C．has to wear two pairs of jeans

D．saves little money from the travel

( )10.The author of the text mainly ______.

A．describes the activities of a law breaker

B．suggests an ideal way to travel

C．argues against the air courier travel

D．tells us about a developing business

Text C

In 2011, many shoppers chose to avoid the frantic crowds and do their holiday shopping from the comfort of their computer. Sales at online retailers gained by more than 15%, making it the biggest season ever. But people are also returning those purchases at record rates, up 8% from last year.

What went wrong? Is the lingering shadow of the global financial crisis making it harder to accept extravagant indulgences? Or that people shop more impulsively-and therefore make bad decisions-when online? Both arguments are plausible. However there is a third factor: a question of touch. We can love the look but, in an online environment, we cannot feel the' quality of a texture, the shape of the fit, the fall of a fold or, for that matter, the weight of an earring. And physically interacting with an object makes you more committed to your purchase.

When my most recent book Brandwashed was released, I teamed up with a local bookstore to conduct an experiment about the differences between the online and offline shopping experience. I carefully instructed a group of volunteers to promote my book in two different ways. The first was a fairly hands-off approach. Whenever a customer would inquire about my book, the volunteer would take them over to the shelf and point to it. Out of 20 such requests, six customers proceeded with the purchase.

The second option also involved going over to the shelf but, this time, removing the book and then subtly holding onto it for just an extra moment before placing it in the customer's hands. Of the 20 people who were handed the book, 13 ended up buying it. Just physically passing the book showed a big difference in sales. Why? We feel something similar to a sense of ownership when we hold things in our hand. That's why we establish or reestablish connection by greeting strangers and friends with a handshake. In this case, having to then let go of the book after holding it might generate a subtle sense of loss, and motivate us to make the purchase even more.

A recent study also revealed the power of touch, in this case when it came to conventional mail.

A deeper and longer-lasting impression of a message was formed when delivered in a letter, as opposed to receiving the same message online. Brain imaging showed that, on touching the paper, the emotional center of the brain was activated, thus forming a stronger bond. The study also indicated that once touch becomes part of the process, it could translate into a sense of possession. This sense of ownership is simply not part of the equation in the online shopping experience.

( )11.Why do people prefer shopping online according to the author?

A. It is more comfortable and convenient.

B. It saves them a lot of money and time.

C. It offers them a lot more options and bargains.

D. It gives them more time to think about their purchase.

( )12.Why do more customers return their purchases bought online?

A. They regretted indulging in costly items in the recession.

B. They changed their mind by the time the goods were delivered.

C. They had no chance to touch them when shopping online.

D. They later found the quality of goods below their expectations.

( )13.What is the purpose of the author's experiment?

A. To test his hypothesis about online shopping.

B. To find out people's reaction to his recent book.

C. To find ways to increase the sale of his new book.

D. To try different approaches to sales promotion.

( )14.How might people feel after letting go of something they held?

A. A sense of disappointment.

B. More motivated to own it.

C. A subtle loss of interest.

D. Less sensitive to its texture.

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( )15.What does brain imaging in a recent study reveal?

A. Conventional letters contain subtle messages.

B. A lack of touch is the chief obstacle to e-commerce.

C. Email lacks the potential to activate the brain.

D. Physical touch helps form a sense of possession.

四、写作（本题15分）

假定你是李薇。在一位名叫TigerMom的学生家长的博客上，你看到如下内容。请你根据

博客内容、写作要点和要求，给这位家长回复。

I'm the mother of a fourteen-year-old. I have a rule for my daughter: be among the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another. She has been doing very well in school, but some friends of mine keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her. Am I wrong?

写作要点：

1．表明自己的看法；

2．陈述自己的理由(可举例说明)；

3．提出至少两条建议。

要求：

1．短文词数不少于100(不含已写好的部分)；

2．内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯；

3．书写需清晰、工整。

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中学英语试卷答案及评分标准

第一部分

一、单项选择题（每小题1分，共20分）

二、多项选择题（每小题2分，共10分）

第二部分

一、单项选择题（每小题1分，共计20分）

二、完型填空（本题5分，每空0.5分）

【参考答案】

1. toys

2. need

3. Besides

4. peace

5. on

6. their

7. when

8. more

9. compared 10. give

三、阅读理解（共三大题，15

小题，每小题2分，共30分）

四、写作（本题15分）

【参考】：One possible version

Hi, TigerMom,

What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China. My idea is that it is not quite right for you to do so.

Although high grades are an important factor in evaluating students and their future university admission, development in wisdom, emotion, health, and life attitude never be ignored. There are many examples around us. Some all-A students in school have turned out not to be a successful in society as they were expected. The reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows them almost no time for other activities. Furthermore, punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.

So I suggest that you take your friends’ advice. More importantly, let her live like a lovely girl;

let her have more friends and social activities: and let her make friends of her own as we teenagers often do．

Sincerely yours

Li Wei

以下是部分答案解析

一、单项选择题

1、答案：C

[解析] 分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。

由句中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。

2、答案：A

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[解析] 该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students，且在从句中作met的宾语，故选关系代词who，即A项。

3、答案：A

[解析] 根据答语可知，提问的是地点，排除C、D两项。而该问句应用陈述语序，故本题选A。

4、答案：A

[解析] 考查too…to结构，too…to太……而不能，句子意思是：他搬离了他的父母，太思念他们了，所以不能好好享受纽约精彩的生活。正确答案为A。

5、答案：A

6、答案：C

[解析] A项意为“几乎不”；B项意为“很少”；C项意为“有时”；D项意为“从不”。根据句中的转折连词although可知应选C项。句意为：尽管父亲不喜欢去那儿，但他有时还是和我们一起去锻炼。

7、答案：C

[解析] in search of表示“搜寻”；in place of表示“代替”；for lack of表示“因为缺少”；for fear of表示“为了避免，害怕”。句子前面提到，在大城市里越来越多的高楼拔地而起，那么可以推出这是因为大城市空间匮乏，所以才盖高楼节省空间。故选C。

8、答案：A

[解析] 在recommend，suggest，insist，order，request，advise等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后的宾语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”或动词原形的形式，其中should 可以省略。故选A。

9、答案：A

[解析] 本题考查动词的时态，由对话的上句以及下句的“then”可知，这里表示将来在英国持续一段时间的经历，因此应该用将来进行时。故选A。

10、答案：B

[解析] All roads lead to Rome，“条条大路通罗马”。Rome wasn't built in a day，“罗马不是一天建成的(或冰冻三尺非一日之寒)”。Practice makes perfect，“熟能生巧”。根据句意应该选B。

11、答案：D

[解析] 本题考查交际用语。根据语境：“她会介意与她之前的队友们对垒吗?”“她喜欢与任何强劲的选手比赛。”分析四个选项：I think so.我想是这样的。I'm not surprised.一点也不奇怪。Of course.当然。Not likely!(大概)不会。此处表示不介意，所以选择D。

12、答案：C

[解析] 此题要注意：在as...as...结构中，程度副词或表示倍数的词要放在第一个as 之前。

13、答案：D

[解析] 本题考查动词的时态。由I am tired out可知说话人说的是现在的事情，所以排除A和C。由句意可知说话人逛了一个下午仍一无所获，可知动作的影响还在持续，所以应该用现在完成进行时。故选D。

14、答案：A

[解析] 考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句+and+将来时句子”的固定搭配。此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选A。句意为：如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。

15、答案：C

[解析] 考查短语和单复数。be in good health身体很好。equipment是不可数名词，故前面应填was。

16、答案：D

[解析] many a表示许多，many a+单数名词+单数动词，所以排除A和B。由“at present”可知应该用现在进行时。故选D。

17、答案：D

[解析] 考查形容词。A项意为“害羞而小心”；B项意为“敏感而有思想”；C项意为“诚实而自信”；D项意为“快乐乐观的”。句意为：她乐观而无忧无虑，她是那种通过自己的微笑传播阳光的人。因此本题选D。

18、答案：C

该题是语法题，考查虚拟语气在含蓄条件中的用法。句中的第一个分句是陈述语气，第二个分句是虚拟语气，条件隐含在副词otherwise所表达的意义中，意思是If he had not gone to Beijing, he would have come to visit you then. 实际情况是来看望这个动作并没有发生。因此，根据题意和语法规则，选项C为最佳答案。

19、答案：A

该题是语法结构题，考查人称代词的用法。在该句中，人称代词做介词宾语Chinese children的同位语，所以应该用宾格，那么选项C和选项D就可以首先排除。选项B的表达方式不对。当as表示“与……一样”时，后面常用一个从句，如：Run as I do. 像我这样跑。因此，根据题意和语法规则，选项A为最佳答案。

20、答案：A

该题是词汇题，考查名词的习惯用法。penny wise and pound foolish是英语中的习惯用法，意思是“小事聪明大事糊涂”。其他几个选项中的名词不能用于此习惯用法中。因此，根据题意，选项A为最佳答案。

三、阅读理解

1、答案：B

[解析] slow—witted“反应迟钝的”；根据第二段中的第二句可知B项符合文意。

2、答案：A

[解析] 根据文中的“the orphanage was going to send me to the big prison…”可

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推断出应该是住在孤儿院。

3、答案：D

[解析] 男孩对老师说的话触动了老师，使老师改变了原来的想法。实际上从前面的“I knew that Mr．Young would give me an E”可知这次数学成绩本应该是E。

4、答案：C

[解析] 词义推测题。由倒数第二段后一句可知男孩在校车上打开了成绩单，而在收到成绩单时，把它“塞进”了书本里。hide“藏”与之相近。

5、答案：C

[解析] 根据最后一句话“：Because I knew that someone in the world finalbr understood what it was like for me t0 be missing a：finger inside ray head”可知正确答案为C。

6、答案：C

[解析] 由第一段中的He was carrying one small backpack, which was very full, but he didn't have any luggage可知，Brian的背包没有地方放衣服了，所以他只能穿上很多衣服。故选C。

7、答案：D

[解析] 由第六段中的Air couriers get cheap airline tickets because they take important packages and papers to foreign countries可知，an air courier是运送文件和包裹到国外的人。故选D。

8、答案：C

[解析] 由第六段中的It is not cheap for a business to send a package with an air courier, but it is quick可知，虽然航空快递并不便宜，但商人们选择这种方式，其原因就是快，节约时间。故选C。

9、答案：A

[解析] 由最后一段的最后一句中的can be flexible about your travel plans，可推断出航空快递员不能确定旅行的时间和地点。故选A。

10、答案：D

[解析] 本文主要是介绍了航空快递员这个正在发展中的职业。故选D。

11、答案：A

[解析] 本题询问的是人们喜欢网购的原因。该句提到，许多消费者为避免假期疯狂的购物人群而选择了舒适的网上购物，选项A“网上购物更舒适和方便”是此句的同义表达，故为答案。

选项B“网购省时省钱”、选项C“网购提供更多的选择和优惠”和选项D“网购让人有更多的时间考虑要买的东西”，虽然这些都是网购的好处，但在原文中无依据，故不选。

12、

答案：C

[解析] 本题询问越来越多的人退回网上购买的商品的原因。第1段最后一句说人们退回从网上购买的东西达到了新纪录，比去年高8%。紧接着第2段首先用问句的形式提出两点可能的原因，一是经济环境不好，二是网购大多属于冲动消费。但However转折后，作者给出了自己的答案，即顾客无法触摸到网购的商品，选项C是原文的同义表达，故为答案。

选项A“人们后悔在经济不景气时狂购昂贵物件”和选项B“当网购的商品到货时，他们就改变了主意”，是原文提到的两个可能性的原因，但并不是作者强调的真正原因。选项D“他们后来发现网购的商品质量低于预期”，虽然第2段提到了质量问题，但它是不能触摸网购商品的一个结果，注意题目问的是原因，而非结果。

13、答案：A

[解析] 本题询问作者实验的目的是什么。experiment之后的about表明，实验是关于调查网上购物与线下购物的不同体验。紧接着下文就提到了两种售书方式效果的差异，而其主要原因就是上文提到的触摸感问题，也就是作者认为的网购弊端。选项A“实验目的是为了证实作者关于网购的一些观点”，符合此意，故为答案。

选项B“了解人们对他新书的反应”，属于原文未提及信息。虽然原文中提到了实验的两种销售方式，但这只是作者验证其观点的具体手段，其目的不在提高图书的销量，故不选C“寻找提高他新书销售量的方式”和D“尝试不同的方式提高销量”。

14、答案：B

[解析] 本题询问的是当人们放下手中的东西时有什么感觉。根据题干定位后，原文提到放下手中的书后，人们会有种失落感，而这会更加促使他们购买，选项B“更有动力想拥有它”符合原文表达的意思，故为答案。

选项A“失望感”和选项C“稍微失去兴趣”是利用原词sense和loss编造的选项。选项D“对质地不太敏感”是利用原词texture进行干扰。

15、答案：D

[解析] 本题询问在最近的一次研究中大脑成像揭示什么问题。最后一段倒数第2句说大脑成像显示，一旦触摸成为购物过程的一部分，它可以转化为一种占有欲。选项D“身体触摸有助形成占有欲”是原文的同义表达，故为答案。

选项A“传统的信件包含微妙的信息”，是利用原词conventional letters改写的选项，subtle messages在原文中无依据。选项B“缺乏触摸是电子商业发展的主要障碍”，属于过度推断，原文只是说缺乏触摸是退货率升高的原因，并没有达到阻碍电子商业发展的程度。选项C“电子邮件缺少激活大脑的潜力”，虽然这一信息在最后一段有所表达，但不是该研究想要揭，示的真正问题，故不选。

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