2015年度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类(B级)试题

第1部分：词汇选项(第1。15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 I believe that her account of what happened is very?accurate.

A simple

B precise

C vivid

D close

2 He?based?his conclusion on the evidence given by the prisoner.

A offered

B worked

C made

D satisfied

3 The union?called off?the strike at the last minute yesterday.

A cancelled

B staged

C lengthened

D organized

4 I have earned a lot of money, but that is not the?issue.

A goal

B task

C key

D point

5 There has been a lot of?debate?among us about the necessity to save money

A talk

B suggestions

C discussion

D ideas

6 The economy continued to?exhibit?signs of decline in October.

A show

B mark

C record

D carry

7 He endured unbearable agonies before he finally?passed away.

A left

B relaxed

C died

D slept

8 0il leaking from a boat or ship may pose a?hazard?to drinking water.

A odor

B disease

C danger

D smell

9 The firemen made a?spectacular?rescue yesterday.

A timely

B wonderful

C clever

D cooperative

10 She was?unwilling?to go, but she had no choice.

A ready

B angry

C sorry

D reluctant

11.It was unfortunate that she had?erased?the message.

A heard of

B rubbed out

C looked at

D spoken out

12.He came back home?fatigued.

A exhausted

B scared

C worried

D frightened

13.The woman living next door is extremely?slender.

A slim

B tall

C weak

D pale

14.Your accusation is?wholly?without foundation.

A almost

B probably

C evidently

D completely

15.He?was obsessed with?American horror movies.

A kept thinking about

B took advantage of

C paid no attention to

D cared nothing about

第2部分：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Baseline Exam Is Key to Eye Health

Even people with no signs or risk factors for eye disease can suffer vision loss and need to get baseline (基线) eye exams at age 40, says the American Academy of Ophthalmology The reminder (提示) is part of the AAO's EyeSmart campaign to mark Save Your Vision Month in February.

"Many eye diseases progress without any warning signs," Dr. Stephanie Marioneaux,a initical correspondent for the AAO, said in a prepared statement. "Gradual changes in vision can affect your ability to function independently and have confidence in your abilities. "

Based on the findings from the initial screening, an eye doctor will create a schedule for follow-up eye exams.

People of any age who have symptoms of eye disease or are at high risk due to family history, diabetes (糖尿病) or high blood pressure should consult with their eye doctor to determine how often they should have their eyes checked, the AAO recommends.

By 2020, 43 million Americans will be at significant risk for vision loss or blindness due to age-related eye diseases such as cataracts (白内障) and glaucoma (青光眼) That's a more than 50 percent increase over the current number of Americans with such vision-

threatening diseases.

But many Americans are unconcerned about the risk of vision loss. Only 23 percent of Americans are very concerned about losing their vision, while most feel weight gain and joint or back pain are greater worries than vision loss, according to an AAO survey conducted for its EyeSmart campaign.

16 People with no signs of eye disease don't need any eye exams.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

17 Changes in vision cannot affect people's lives.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

18 There's a great shortage of eye doctors in the US.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

19 High blood pressure is one of the risk factors for eye disease.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

20 0lder people are at higher risk for vision loss or blindness.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

21 Most Americans are worried about the risk of vision loss.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

22 Weight gain and joint or back pain are big worries in Europe.

A Right

B Wrong

C Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23—30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段,每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

The Ebola Outbreak

You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are battling an Ebola outbreak Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contracted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals. It is now believed that bats are the primary carrier of the virus.

2 To date, there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak: Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. However, other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders.

3 Unless you recently visited one of the three affected West African countries, your risk of contracting the virus is virtually zero. Unlike other recent airborne viral outbreaks like SARS, the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person.

Specifically, Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. Though the virus is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable.

4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contracting the virus. Symptoms may appear as early as two days or as late as three weeks after initial infection. Symptoms include disgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat.

5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every organ of the body. This causes an overstimulation of the body's inflammatory response, causing the flu- like symptoms. The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body's normal clotting mechanism (凝血机制), making bleeding even more severe. Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion灌注) ultimately lead to organ failure and death.

6 The current outbreak is the deadliest viral outbreak in over 35 years. While diseases such as the malaria (疟疾) are far more communicable, Ebola is one of the world's most fatal viral infections; Ebola's fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.

23、Paragraph 2

24、Paragraph 3

25、Paragraph 4

26、Paragraph 5

A Am I at risk of contracting the virus?

B How do I know if I have contracted the virus?

C What caused the Ebola outbreak?

D What exactly does Ebola do to the body?

E Is the current outbreak the deadliest?

F What areas are currently affected7

27 The initial Ebola outbreak was found in

28 The difference between SARS and Ebola viruses I

29 The symptoms of the patients after being infected

30 The Ebola virus transmits by contact with lies in may first appear

A infected body fluids

B the mode of transmission

C within a wide range of days

D three countries in West Africa

E against the outbreak severity

F the initial days of being infected

第4部分：阅读理解(第31~ 45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

More Americans Getting High Blood Pressure

The number of Americans with high blood pressure is on the rise thanks in large part to growing rates of obesity (过度肥胖) , researchers said on Tuesday.

But increasing numbers of those with high blood pressure, also called hypertension, are getting the condition treated, researchers from the US government's National Institutes of Health ( NIH) wrote in the journal Hypertension.

High blood pressure can lead to stroke, heart attack, heart failure or kidney (肾)failure. It is sometimes called the "silent killer" because it has no symptoms, and many people have it for years without knowing it.

Data spanning six years through 2004 showed that 29 percent of US adults had high blood pressure, compared t0 24 percent in the six-year period ending in 1994, the

researchers said.

"The percentage of the population with high blood pressure is increasing," Dr. Jeffrey Cutler of the NIH's National Heart, Lung, a telephone interview.

Some of the leading factors behind high blood pressure overweight, not getting regular physical activity, smoking and too The study showed blacks continued to have higher rates of whites.

going the wrong way-it's and Blood Institute said in include being obese or much salt in the diet.

high blood pressure than During the 1999-2004 period, 61 percent of those with high blood pressure were undergoing treatment for it and 35 percent had their blood pressure under control, the researchers said. A number of different drugs are used to treat hypertension.

The findings were based on data on a nationally representative sample of 16,351 US adults for 1988-1994 and 14,430 adults for 1999-2004.

31 The number of Americans with hypertension is

A smaller than before.

B greater than before.

C the same as before.

D hard to calculate.

32 Hypertension may lead to

A stroke.

B heart attack.

C kidney failure.

D all of the above.

33 Hypertension is sometimes called

A its causes remain unknown.

B it often has no symptoms.

C it's a lifelong condition.

D it's treated secretly.

34 Twenty-nine percent of US adults

A during the 1988-2004 period.

B during the 1994-1999 period.

C during the 1999-2004 period.

D during the 1988-1994 period.

35. Which of the following is NOT a likely cause of hypertension?

A Constant smoking.

B Obesity or overweight.

C Regular physical activity.

D Too much salt in the diet.

New US Plan for Disease Prevention

Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health, Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a $15 million program to try to encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease, cancer and diabetes (糖尿病) .